|
高分重点托福写作同义词替换 | |||
|
国内考生常用的表达 |
更得分的表达方式 | ||
|
名词 | |||
|
1 |
things that one tries hard to do |
one's undertakings/ one's commitments | |
|
2 |
The fact is that… |
The reality is that… | |
|
3 |
joy |
happiness/ delight/ enjoyment | |
|
4 |
sadness |
sorrow/ grief | |
|
5 |
danger |
hazard/ peril (后面这个词语气很强， 危险程度非同一般) [派生] dangerous；hazardous | |
|
6 |
education |
≈schooling （指学校教育， 家庭教育则用upbringing/ parenting） [区分]家庭教育的两个词 upbringing是从孩子的角度说的， 比如children's upbringing； 而parenting是从家长的角度来说， 比如sensible parenting. | |
|
7 |
advertisement/ advertising |
如果你写过关于广告的题目， 就一定体会过不停轮换使用 advertisement/ advertising 有多郁闷。其实主体段论证中 完全可以把广告类细化，比如 commercials（电视或者互联 网上的广告），flyers （传单广告，北京最常见的 形式就是“135****，办证”）， billboards（大幅的广告牌）或者 non-profit advertisements= public-interest advertisements （公益广告） | |
|
8 |
car |
automobile | |
|
9 |
economic crisis |
economic meltdown （很接近）/recession （这个一般仅仅还是衰退） /the Great Depression （这个则是特指1929年开始的那次了） | |
|
10 |
famous people |
celebrities （单数为celebrity） | |
|
11 |
human beings（备考生使用过多） |
humanity（注意这个词的单 数指人类，复数指人文学科） /the human race | |
|
12 |
wealth |
fortune(s) （fortune 作财富的意思时可以加复数） | |
|
13 |
[相关] rich |
wealthy/ affluent (adj.) | |
|
14 |
skill |
≈technique(注意这个词的 正确解释是技能或者方法， 而不是technology科技) | |
|
15 |
[派生] skilled |
adept/ adroit (adj.) | |
|
16 |
method |
methodology (国外学术 写作中超级常用的词， 基本就是method的故作高深版） | |
|
17 |
field |
sphere/ domain/ arena | |
|
18 |
understanding of |
≈ grasp of/ command of | |
|
19 |
choice |
option | |
|
20 |
cooperation |
≈collaboration | |
|
21 |
basic structure in a city or a country |
infrastructure | |
|
22 |
tiredness for a long time |
fatigue | |
|
23 |
is a must of |
is a prerequisite for （是……的必备先决条件） | |
|
24 |
the Internet |
≈the information highway (一篇考生作文里Internet被 使用十几次是常事儿) | |
|
25 |
honesty |
≈integrity | |
|
26 |
strong belief |
faith (in) | |
|
27 |
aim |
intention | |
|
28 |
worries |
anxieties (是的，这两个 词的确都可以加复数） | |
|
29 |
influence |
impact/ repercussion/ implication | |
|
30 |
influence on each other |
mutual influence（类似 的表达还有mutual respect, mutual trust和mutual understanding/ interaction between A and B/ interplay between A and B | |
|
31 |
many different kinds of… |
a variety of…/ a wide array of…/ a wide range of… | |
|
32 |
wrong ideas held by many people |
misconceptions | |
|
33 |
fame |
prestige/ sterling reputation | |
|
34 |
range |
≈spectrum | |
|
35 |
sense |
≈ recognition | |
|
36 |
part |
component （这个词不仅指零件， 在学术写作中也经常指“部分”） | |
|
37 |
wise |
[相关] sensible (adj.) | |
|
38 |
gap |
disparity | |
|
39 |
a system for a particular purpose |
≈ a mechanism for… | |
|
40 |
a solution to sth. |
a remedy for sth. （生活中经常指一种病 的治疗方法，但学术写作 中经常用来指某种问题的 解决方法，注意搭配的介词不同） | |
|
41 |
bad students |
≈ unruly students/ disruptive students | |
|
42 |
bad behavior |
unethical behavior/ immoral behavior | |
|
43 |
organizations that help poor people |
charities/ charitable organizations | |
|
44 |
difference |
distinction | |
|
45 |
[派生] be different from |
be distinct from (adj.) | |
|
46 |
person |
individual | |
|
47 |
personality |
≈ disposition | |
|
48 |
businesses |
enterprises（这里指企业） | |
|
49 |
prices that are too high |
exorbitant prices | |
|
50 |
the rate of… |
the incidence of… （后面一般跟坏事儿， 比如unemployment/ crime/ a disease） | |
|
51 |
intense enthusiasm |
zeal/ passion | |
|
52 |
cultural globalization（有过多人使用这个词） |
global cultural homogenization | |
|
53 |
a thing that is necessary |
a necessity | |
|
54 |
a thing that is new and interesting |
a novelty | |
|
55 |
a thing that is rare |
a rarity | |
|
56 |
things that people are not sure about |
uncertainties | |
|
57 |
a world language |
a universal language | |
|
58 |
friends |
companions | |
|
59 |
relaxation |
≈ recreation | |
|
60 |
self-respect |
≈ self-esteem and dignity | |
|
61 |
respect sb./ sth. |
hold sb./ sth. in high regard | |
|
62 |
[反义] look down on… |
treat … with contempt = despise (v.) | |
|
63 |
self-control |
self-discipline | |
|
64 |
criminal |
convict | |
|
65 |
prisoner |
inmate | |
|
66 |
drinks |
≈ alcoholic beverages | |
|
67 |
people who walk on the street |
pedestrians | |
|
68 |
old generations in history |
ancestors | |
|
69 |
a person who benefits from sth. |
a beneficiary of sth. | |
|
70 |
a disease that spreads quickly |
an epidemic （注意这个词虽然是-ic结尾， 却不是形容词） | |
|
71 |
a very unpleasant way of life |
misery | |
|
72 |
a task that requires lots of effort |
an arduous task | |
|
73 |
emotion |
≈ sentiment | |
|
74 |
enemy |
≈ opponent/ foe | |
|
75 |
narrow minds |
insular minds （狭隘的头脑或者观念） | |
|
76 |
a way to do sth. |
an approach to doing sth./ an avenue towards sth. | |
|
77 |
hobby |
≈ pastime/ diversion | |
|
78 |
progress |
progression （经常指抽象的进步， 比如写关于society/ career/ technology的话题） | |
|
79 |
failure |
setback（注意作名词的时候中间不要加空格） | |
|
80 |
importance |
significance （当你用了一次importance之后， 第二次不妨用这个） | |
|
81 |
duty |
obligation （用于比较重要的责任） | |
|
82 |
difficulty |
hindrance/ impediment/ hurdles | |
|
83 |
pressure from your classmates |
peer pressure | |
|
84 |
citizens who can work |
labor force/ workforce （都是总体概念，而且注意后 面这个词的标准写法中间没有空格） | |
|
85 |
problems or diseases that exist for a long time |
persistent problems/ chronic diseases | |
|
86 |
a life without regular exercise |
a sedentary lifestyle | |
|
87 |
result |
consequence （表示消极的结果更多一些） | |
|
88 |
thoughts |
≈ considerations | |
|
89 |
the lack of knowledge |
ignorance （注意在地道英文里， 这个词经常并不表示“忽视”， 而是表示“无知”） | |
|
90 |
harm (n.) |
adverse effect | |
|
91 |
harm (vt.) |
damage destroy/ ruin （这两个词比damage程度更重） spoil（后面跟the cityscape/ scenery/ environment） undermine （后面跟抽象概念， 比如stability/ social order/ harmony） jeopardize （后面跟抽象概念， 比如one's future/ one's career） tarnish （后面跟one's reputation/ image） sap/ dampen （后面跟one's enthusiasm/ interest/ confidence） | |
|
92 |
[派生] harmful |
detrimental (adj.) | |
|
93 |
[派生] be harmful to |
≈ pose a threat to | |
|
94 |
bad luck |
misfortune | |
|
95 |
trouble |
adversity/ dilemma/ predicament/ hardship | |
|
96 |
crime |
offense/ criminal act | |
|
97 |
youth crime |
≈ juvenile delinquency | |
|
98 |
criminal |
offender/ ≈ culprit/ ≈ perpetrator | |
|
99 |
serious crime |
heinous crime/ felony | |
|
100 |
a minor crime |
a misdemeanor | |
|
101 |
shortage (of) |
scarcity (of)/ dearth (of) | |
|
102 |
the only one |
an exception | |
|
103 |
places where animals live |
habitat | |
|
形容词 | |||
|
104 |
worrying |
≈ disturbing | |
|
105 |
very popular |
prevalent/ ubiquitous | |
|
106 |
TRUE |
genuine (truly a genuinely) | |
|
107 |
deep |
profound （深刻的，后面经常跟wisdom/ truths/ understanding/ impact/ thoughts） | |
|
108 |
strong |
powerful/ mighty | |
|
109 |
weak |
≈ vulnerable | |
|
110 |
hard-working |
industrious （注意不是industrial， 而diligent那个词在 美语中是个挺大的词） | |
|
111 |
very disappointing |
lamentable/ pathetic | |
|
112 |
be good (for) |
be beneficial (to) = be in the best interests (of) | |
|
113 |
be not as good as |
be inferior to | |
|
114 |
be better than |
be superior to | |
|
115 |
uninteresting |
mundane （注意这个词其实再 美国很多时候并不是 “世俗的”意思/humdrum | |
|
116 |
many |
numerous（注意要跟可数名词） | |
|
117 |
complicated |
intricate | |
|
118 |
strange |
odd/ bizarre/ eccentric （单weird有点过于口语化了） | |
|
119 |
cannot be turned back |
be irreversible | |
|
120 |
produce useful results |
productive | |
|
121 |
practical |
≈ realistic | |
|
122 |
mature |
sophisticated （这个词指人的时候 意思是思维成熟老练的） | |
|
123 |
selfish |
self-centered/ materialistic | |
|
124 |
proud （贬义） |
conceited | |
|
125 |
suitable |
fitting | |
|
126 |
most suitable |
optimal | |
|
127 |
lonely |
isolated/ alienated | |
|
128 |
alone |
solitary | |
|
129 |
be easily influenced by sth. |
be susceptible to sth. （一般是坏事情， 比如a disease/ attacks） | |
|
130 |
is better than |
is superior to | |
|
131 |
not as good as… |
is inferior to | |
|
132 |
be the same |
be identical/ be homogenous/ be uniform （后面两个词比较正式， 一般是说cultural globalization的时候常用， 现在理解为什么小幅的名词叫 school uniforms了吧， 就是让大家都看起来一 样的衣服） | |
|
133 |
interesting |
≈ stimulating | |
|
134 |
boring |
≈ monotonous/ repetitive | |
|
135 |
useless |
redundant | |
|
136 |
smart |
intelligent | |
|
137 |
famous |
renowned | |
|
138 |
positive |
≈ desirable/ encouraging | |
|
139 |
happy |
delighted | |
|
140 |
enjoyable |
delightful | |
|
141 |
can be used |
be available | |
|
142 |
hard to understand |
bewildering/ baffling/ confusing | |
|
143 |
(laws/ rules/ people) not strict |
lenient | |
|
144 |
healthy |
wholesome （注意说人的健康还是 要用healthy， 但是如果说事物有益健康， 就可以用wholesome） | |
|
145 |
good for the envrionment |
eco-friendly 比如Biking is far more eco-friendly than driving their SUVs.） | |
|
146 |
nervous/ anxious |
≈ apprehensive | |
|
147 |
doubt sth. |
be skeptical about sth. | |
|
148 |
fair |
≈ justified | |
|
149 |
unfair |
≈ unwarranted/ unjustifiable | |
|
150 |
huge |
enormous/ massive/ vast/ colossal | |
|
151 |
small |
tiny/ miniscule （后面一般跟抽象名词） | |
|
152 |
have many different abilities |
be versatile/ be well-rounded | |
|
153 |
be familiar with |
be well-acquainted with | |
|
154 |
very successful/ admirable |
distinguished | |
|
155 |
proper |
appropriate | |
|
156 |
typical |
quintessential （这个语气非常强） | |
|
157 |
exact |
precise/ ≈ accurate | |
|
158 |
ugly |
unsightly | |
|
159 |
poor-quality |
substandard (housing/ accommodation/ work/ goods/ machines) | |
|
160 |
the present… |
the current…/ the existing… （比如the current financial crisis/ the existing environmental problems) | |
|
161 |
outdated |
antiquated/ obsolete | |
|
162 |
highly-respected |
esteemed | |
|
163 |
complete(adj.)/ whole |
entire | |
|
164 |
spend a lot of money |
lead an extravagant/ a lavish life | |
|
165 |
open |
enlighted/ progressive （开明的，逐步的，经常用来 形容govern-ment 或者society） | |
|
166 |
sth. must be carried out |
sth. is compulsory/ sth. is mandatory | |
|
167 |
with long history |
time-honored （后面经常跟抽象名词， 比如tradition/ practice/ methods/ heritage） | |
|
168 |
continuing forever |
perpetual | |
|
169 |
important |
significant essential vital (这三个词的重要性依次递增) | |
|
170 |
very attractive |
very appealing/ fascinating/ captivating | |
|
171 |
very careful |
cautious | |
|
172 |
be very interested in |
be absorbed in/ be engrossed in | |
|
173 |
be qualified for |
be eligible for | |
|
174 |
disappointing |
frustrating | |
|
175 |
wrong |
erroneous | |
|
176 |
long and a bit annoying |
lengthy | |
|
177 |
very difficult |
daunting/ formidable | |
|
178 |
being spread in uncontrolled way |
rampant （后面经常跟负面现象， 比如crime, pollution 或者discrimination） | |
|
179 |
cruel |
≈ inhumane/ merciless | |
|
180 |
fat |
overweight/ obese （后面这个已经胖出病了） | |
|
181 |
having wrong opinions |
skewed/ biased （这两个词一般在IELTS 媒体类话题使用， 表示“有偏见的”） | |
|
182 |
including many things |
comprehensive （综合的，全面的） | |
|
183 |
enough |
adequate/ sufficient/ ample/ abundant （注意这四个词的语气是逐渐递增的) | |
|
184 |
too much |
excessive | |
|
185 |
very little |
minimal （注意不是minimum） | |
|
186 |
cause bad effects |
counterproductive （其实地道英文写作 里这个词不见得和生 产有关，只要阻止人们达 到目的，都可以写它 counterproductive) | |
|
187 |
strict |
stringent （后面一般跟laws,measures或者rules） | |
|
188 |
urgent |
pressing (problems) | |
|
189 |
quiet |
tranquil and serene （美语中这两个词经常 可以连在一起用） | |
|
动词 | |||
|
190 |
make sth. strong |
strengthen/ fortify/ reinforce/ consolidate sth. | |
|
191 |
make sth. weak |
weaken/ erode （侵蚀） | |
|
192 |
make sth. better |
enhance/ better （很少看到国内考生用 better当动词， 其实在学术写作中 better sth.是挺常见的表达） | |
|
193 |
make sth. worse |
exacerbate sth. | |
|
194 |
control…(a negative trend) |
curb…(crime/ pollution/ economic recessions) | |
|
195 |
stop |
cease | |
|
196 |
manage sth. |
≈ regulate sth./ oversee sth. | |
|
197 |
appear |
emerge/ arise （后者的主语一般是抽象概念， 比如debate） | |
|
198 |
die out |
go extinct | |
|
199 |
fail to see |
neglect/ overlook | |
|
200 |
set…free |
release (prisoners/ stress) | |
|
201 |
begin |
commence/ initiate (后者跟抽象概念更多， 比如initiate the conflict) | |
|
202 |
narrow/ bridge the gap between A and B(注意这里bridge作动词） |
[反义] widen the gap between A and B | |
|
203 |
be forced to do sth. |
be compelled to do sth. | |
|
204 |
keep complaining about sth. |
grumble about sth. | |
|
205 |
try hard to do sth. |
≈pursue sth. (one's goal/ one's career/ business interests/ maximum profit/ hegemony) | |
|
206 |
do sth. |
≈ perform/ conduct （注意这里的perform 不是“表演”而是“从事”） | |
|
207 |
do not do sth. |
refrain from doing sth. | |
|
208 |
carry out |
implement | |
|
209 |
turn…into… |
convert…to/ into… | |
|
210 |
decrease |
decline/ dwindle （特指逐渐缓慢的减少） / dip/ slip (后两个词用来指短促的下降) | |
|
211 |
make a crime |
commit a crime （注意作文中不要用make a crime 这样不地道的英文） | |
|
212 |
commit a crime again |
revert to crime （这里的crime作不可数名词） | |
|
213 |
punish |
penalize | |
|
214 |
[派生]punishment |
penalty | |
|
215 |
spread |
propagate/ disseminate （这两个词后面经常跟 information/ ideas/ belief这类名词） | |
|
216 |
develop fast |
flourish/ thrive | |
|
217 |
develop （这里作“培养”的意思 |
cultivate/ foster/ nurture （这三个词后面经常跟 和教育有关的名词， 比如an interest in social issues） | |
|
218 |
[相关]fast-developing |
burgeoning | |
|
219 |
accept |
adopt（注意这个词 不是adapt适应， 而是接纳，采纳的意思） | |
|
220 |
build |
construct | |
|
221 |
gather |
garner，但这个词只能 用在很正式的意思， 而且略有贬义， 比如garner funding, garner support during the UN climate conference at Copenhagen | |
|
222 |
measure |
gauge, 比measure 稍正式一点 | |
|
223 |
teach sth. |
≈impart sth./ inculcate sth. （注意如果teach后面是 人则不要替换） | |
|
224 |
start |
initiate 多用于政府类话题 | |
|
225 |
support |
espouse， 后面跟某种重要的事业， 类似的还有动词champion （作动词不是冠军的意思了） 和动词sanction （它作名词则变成了“制裁”） | |
|
226 |
praise |
≈ compliment/ extol （后面这个语气很强） | |
|
227 |
support |
≈ buttress/ bolster | |
|
228 |
prove/ confirm |
verify | |
|
229 |
create |
generate （一般是大规模的产生， 比如generate employment opportunities/ generate tax revenue/ electricity) breed （一般是产生消极的东西， 比如conflict/ crime/ resentment） spawn（一般是产生新事物， 比如spawn inventions/ innovations） | |
|
230 |
use |
≈ utilize/exploit | |
|
231 |
use…again |
recycle | |
|
232 |
work hard |
work assiduously | |
|
233 |
get |
≈ acquire （注意acquire/ gain knowledge比 learn knowledge在 地道英文中更加常见） | |
|
234 |
consider |
contemplate/ reflect on/ ponder | |
|
235 |
meet |
encounter， 多用于政府， 文化或者success 这样偏大一些的话题 | |
|
236 |
provide sth. |
afford sth. （在正式英文写作中， afford经常可以表示“提供” | |
|
237 |
need |
require （注意主语如果是人 称则一般还需要使用need， 但如果主语是事物， 则可以改用require） | |
|
238 |
like sth. very much |
≈ have an affinity for sth./ have a strong attachment to sth. | |
|
239 |
be unhappy about |
complain about (v.)/ be discontended with (adj.) | |
|
240 |
ask for |
request | |
|
241 |
raise |
elevate，就是正式版的raise， 但只是“提高”而不能表示 抚养小孩的意思 | |
|
242 |
look like sth. |
resemble sth. | |
|
243 |
treat…poorly |
mistreat…/ abuse… | |
|
244 |
consider sth. valuable |
value sth./ treasure sth./ cherish sth. | |
|
245 |
keep |
≈ maintain/ preserve （这个词后面经常跟 traditions/ cultural heritage/ wild animals/ natural resources等） | |
|
246 |
mix… together |
blend/ combine/ synthesize | |
|
247 |
solve |
tackle/ combat/ address | |
|
248 |
notice |
discern | |
|
249 |
understand… to mean…/ to be… |
interpret…as… （很多时候这个词 并不是口译， 而是把…理解为……） | |
|
250 |
choose sth./ choose to do sth. |
opt for sth./ opt to do sth. | |
|
251 |
achieve |
fulfill (one's dream/ one's goal/ one's potential/ one's obligation/ one's promise/ one's task) | |
|
252 |
appear in large numbers |
sprout up/ mushroom | |
|
253 |
make… less serious |
relieve/ ease/ alleviate （作文中经常用到的搭配有 relieve stress/ alleviate poverty/ ease the traffic congestion等） | |
|
254 |
pay…for (one's loss) |
compensate…for… | |
|
255 |
pay…for (one's effort) |
reward…for… | |
|
256 |
make sth. faster |
accelerate sth./ speed up sth. | |
|
257 |
join |
participate in | |
|
258 |
outweight |
prevail over （大家应该已经注意到了， 新托福议论文的题目中 经常出现outweight这个 词用来比较事物的 重要性或者利弊， 在作文中最好不要重复 考题中出现过的特征词汇） | |
|
259 |
contribute to |
promote/ facilitate （这两个词都是及物动词， 所以不需要跟to） | |
|
260 |
prevent the development of… |
hinder/ impede/ inhibit/ obstruct… | |
|
261 |
find out |
≈ identify | |
|
262 |
encourage sb. to… |
≈motivate sb. to… | |
|
263 |
like sth. very much |
adore sth. | |
|
264 |
dislike sth. very much |
abhor/ detest/ loathe | |
|
265 |
hate |
resent/ hold a grudge against | |
|
266 |
limit |
restrict/ constrain | |
|
267 |
avoid |
≈ bypass/ eschew/ shun | |
|
268 |
is not limited to… |
is not restricted to…/ is not confined to… （经常用来描述一个 trend不仅限于某个范围） | |
|
269 |
be so surprised |
be astonished/ be astounded/ be startled | |
|
270 |
decide |
determine | |
|
271 |
move to… |
relocate to…/ have been relocated to… | |
|
272 |
come from… |
originate from/ in… | |
|
273 |
improve |
boost/ enhance （比如boost solidarity 增进团结/ enhance productivity 提高生产率） | |
|
274 |
waste |
use… lavishly | |
|
275 |
attack |
assail （语气更强烈） | |
|
276 |
reduce |
curtail （多用于政府投资类话题）/ diminish（多用于文化类或者 发展类中的抽象话题） | |
|
277 |
increase |
augment（多用于政府投资类话题） | |
|
278 |
help |
assist | |
|
279 |
help (n.) |
assistance | |
|
280 |
set up |
establish | |
|
281 |
try to do sth. |
attempt to do sth. | |
|
282 |
try hard to do sth. |
make a strenuous/ an arduous/ a painstaking effort to do sth. | |
|
283 |
change |
alter | |
|
284 |
change… a lot |
fundamentally change…/ radically change…/ transform… | |
|
285 |
solve |
address/ combat | |
|
286 |
correct (vt.) |
rectify (a mistake) | |
|
287 |
take down |
demolish/ raze （谈到拆老建筑的时候常用） | |
|
288 |
obey |
abide by/ comply with/ conform to (后面跟the law/ rules/ regulations等） | |
|
289 |
ban |
ban… altogether/ strictly prohibit… | |
|
290 |
criticize |
condemn/ denounce （这两个词一般用于政府类话题， 但不要用在教育类） | |
|
291 |
increase |
show an upward trend/ be on therise反义： show a downward trend | |
|
292 |
depend on |
hinge on= be contingent on （意思是：取决于 ……） | |
|
293 |
depend on |
rely on （意思是：依靠……） | |
|
294 |
deal with |
cope with | |
|
295 |
do one's best to do sth. |
commit oneself to doing sth./ strive to do sth./ do one's utmost to do sth./ spare no effort to do sth. | |
|
296 |
use up |
exhaust (energy/ resources)/ stretch (resources) to the limit | |
|
297 |
report the details of sth. |
report sth. In graphic detail | |
|
298 |
prevent sb. from focusing on… |
distract sb. from… | |
|
299 |
spend A on B |
≈ dedicate A to B | |
|
300 |
use too much… |
stretch… to the limit/ put a strain on… | |
|
301 |
pour |
discharge （排放，环境类话题常用， 比如discharge chemical waste into rivers, streams and lakes） | |
|
302 |
get used to |
get accustomed to | |
|
303 |
die out |
go extinct | |
|
304 |
continue to exist |
persist | |
|
305 |
come with… |
be attended by / be accompanied by… | |
|
306 |
broaden one's horizons |
expand one's outlook/ enlarge one's vision (broaden one's horizons 这个句型已经被考生 使用过多惨遭贬值) | |
|
307 |
break the law |
violate the law | |
|
308 |
put sb. In prison |
incarcerate sb. | |
|
309 |
make laws against… |
legislate against… | |
|
310 |
[相关]law |
legislation (名词，注意law在特指具体 的法律时可以用复数， 但是legislation不能用复数） | |
|
311 |
make sth. active |
stimulate （后面经常跟imagination/ creativity/ interest/ economic growth等词汇） | |
|
312 |
make one's dream come true |
fulfill one's potential/ attain one's goal | |
|
313 |
have the right to do sth. |
be entitled to do sth. | |
|
314 |
lead to change in |
act as a catalyst for change in… | |
|
315 |
stick to |
adhere to/ cling to （注意后面这个有时候略带贬义） | |
|
316 |
deal with the need |
meet the demand/ satisfy the need | |
|
317 |
take… away from sb. |
deprive sb. of… （省略号中可以填入freedom/ leisure time/ the right to 等值得拥有的内容) | |
|
318 |
give sb. the ability to |
enable sb. to | |
|
319 |
get a clear idea of |
get a clear perspective of | |
|
320 |
be lost |
go astray （作文中如果写青少年“误入歧途”， 就不要再写get lost) | |
|
321 |
spend too much time on |
be addicted to/ be preoccupied with/ be obsessed with (这三个词组的语气越来越强) | |
|
322 |
prepare for… |
pave the way for…/ lay the groundwork for…/ lay a solid foundation for… （为……打好基础） | |
|
323 |
break the balance |
upset the balance | |
|
324 |
balance A and B |
strike a balance between A and B (在A 和B之间争取一种平衡) | |
|
325 |
catch |
capture | |
|
326 |
think of… as |
regard…as/ view…as/ perceive…as | |
|
327 |
get rid of |
eliminate/ remove | |
|
328 |
get rid of |
abolish （多用于政府类话题，废除） | |
|
329 |
make… higher |
drive up （后面经常跟the crime rate/ unemployment rate） | |
|
副词 | |||
|
330 |
more and more+adj. |
Increasingly+adj. 但要注意如果后面不是adj. 而是noun, 那么就可以用 an increasing number of （跟可数名词）/ an increasing amount of （跟不可数名词）来代替 | |
|
331 |
mainly |
primarily/ principally/ chiefly | |
|
332 |
In the old days,… |
Traditionally,…/ Historically,… | |
|
333 |
now |
≈ currently | |
|
334 |
Actually,… |
≈ Technically,… （严格来说它的意思 并不是“事实上”， 但在学术写作中它是一个 表示“精确地说”非常帮的词语） | |
|
335 |
very soon |
immediately | |
|
336 |
not often at all |
rarely | |
|
337 |
completely |
entirely | |
|
338 |
do sth. without careful thought |
do sth. Impulsively | |
|
339 |
blindly |
indiscriminately （不加选择的）/ mechanically （机械的） | |
|
340 |
only |
≈ merely （注意只有a little/ a bit后面跟形容词的 时候才可以这样替换） | |
|
341 |
a little/ a bit |
somewhat (注意只有a little/ a bit后面跟形容词的 时候才可以这样替换) | |
|
342 |
mainly |
primarily/ principally/ chiefly | |
|
短语或句型 | |||
|
343 |
about |
regarding/ concerning/ with respect to/ with regard to | |
|
344 |
before… |
prior to… | |
|
345 |
a few |
a handful of (请注意仅指少数时 a couple of 容易被挑剔的考官 判为过于口语化) | |
|
346 |
Although…, the real situation is… |
Hypothetically,…/ Theoretically,…/ In theory/ Ideally,.. .→But in reality, …/ But in actuality,…/ But in practice,… (Ideally 指“理想化地说”) | |
|
347 |
Most young people… |
Young people tend to… =Young people typically… tend to 和typically都是 表示某一类人多半会 怎样做的常用表达） | |
|
348 |
needs to be changed |
is crying out for reform（固定短语） | |
|
349 |
be punished by the law |
be brought to justice | |
|
350 |
do sth. together |
make a concerted effort to do sth. | |
|
351 |
It is common for sb. to… |
It is standard practice for sb. to… | |
|
352 |
is based on… |
is predicted on… | |
|
353 |
have no choice but to… |
have no option but to…/ have no alternative but to… | |
|
354 |
be worth the effort |
be worthwhile | |
|
355 |
and so on |
etc.（前面可加逗号） | |
|
356 |
become more than |
exceed/ surpass | |
|
357 |
grow fast |
grow dramatically/ soar/ rocket | |
|
358 |
fall fast |
fall drastically/ plunge/ plummet | |
|
359 |
much higher |
considerably/ substantially/ significantly higher | |
|
360 |
a little higher |
marginally higher/ slightly higher/ fractionally higher | |
|
361 |
is closely connected |
is intrinsically linked to… | |
|
362 |
through |
by way of (介词短语) | |
|
363 |
on the whole |
overall | |
|
364 |
because of |
due to/ owing to （新托福作文中这两个 词组后面经常是跟负 面含义的名词） | |
|
365 |
before (时间) |
prior to | |
|
366 |
in this aspect |
in this regard/ in this respect (这里不是尊重的意思，而是指某方面) | |
|
367 |
despite/ in spite of |
notwithstanding （请注意这三个词都 是后面不惜紧跟名词 或者名词短语，而不可以 直接跟从句） | |
|
368 |
in fact |
as a matter of fact ≈ in essence/ essentially (in essence/ essentially 的意思是 “本质上”） | |
|
369 |
besides |
apart from | |
|
370 |
about/ around |
approximately | |
|
371 |
It is obvious that… |
It is evident that… | |
|
372 |
sth. stops. |
sth. comes to a standstill | |
|
373 |
be similar to… |
be akin to… (学术写作中相当常见的句型) | |
|
374 |
A is as … as B |
B is … A is equally… | |
|
375 |
It is impossible that… |
It is highly unlikely that… | |
|
376 |
A has made B+adj./n. |
A has rendered B+adj./ n. （这里的宾语B 后面只能 是跟形容词或者名词） | |
|
377 |
A has made B do sth. |
A has promoted/ impelled sb. to do sth. （注意这两个词后面的 宾语之后不能省略to） | |
|
378 |
sth. does not always remain the same. |
sth. is not carved in stone （某事物并非一成不变） | |
|
379 |
A high percentage of… |
The proportion of… is very high. （……的比例很高） | |
|
380 |
The cause of … is … |
can be attributed to/ can be ascribed to… （可以归因于……) | |
|
381 |
no matter |
regardless of/ irrespective of （注意no matter 后面一般跟从句， 而regardless of 和irrespective of 后面多数时候跟名词 或者名词短语） | |
|
382 |
talking about…/ speaking of |
in terms of… （经常用来限制一个命 题的适用范围，比如 In terms of culture, this city is fascinating. But in terms of traffic, it is inferior.） | |
