Issue140
Some people believe that universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student‘s field of study. Others believe that universities should not force students to take any courses other than those that will help prepare them for jobs in their chosen fields.
有些人认为大学应该要求每个学生选修自己专业以外的各种学科。也有人认为大学不应该强迫学生学习任何课程，除非这些课程有利于学生在所选的领域就业。
参考解析：
1) 关于“各种学科”
大学教育的核心是综合培养，学生的智商、技能仅仅是这中间的一小部分。
之所以要学习多样性的学科，原因在于：一方面交叉学科出现，需要学生有多方面的知识。例如光学的发展推动了艺术、绘画的发展；数学的发展推动了经济学的发展，“纳什均衡”，所以纳什获得了诺贝尔经济学奖。另一方面是学生往往很难决定未来的方向，职业的不确定性使得需要多方面的涉猎和发展。
交叉学科的英文段落：Since various disciplines are related, the study of courses outside a student’s own field may benefit the study of their major. As we know, every subject does not exist independently. They relate to other subjects to one extent or another. For instance, philosophy is the foundation of all subjects. It provides a basic approach to thinking about every problem. Whatever your major is, you can benefit from learning it well. Mathematics is a useful tool for us in solving problems involving calculation. If your major is economics, you will find that knowledge of mathematics can help you a lot in your research. In the same way,graduate students with varied abilities would have a great advantage incompeting with those who have only a limited scope.
2）关于“就业领域”
大学教育也不能没有职业教育，因为这能给你生存的技能。如果都不能生存，那就远远谈不上其他方面的培养了。
如果只注重技能，那么大学教育就等同于职业教育了。
3）其它因素
专业的选择还应该基于：兴趣、能力、价值、职业探索等。
Hmelo–Sliver,Duncan, and Chinn cite several studies supporting the success of the constructivist problem–based and inquiry-learning methods. For example, they describe a project called GenScope, an inquiry-based science software application. Students using the GenScope software showed significant gains over the control groups, with the largest gains shown in students from basic courses.
Argument 60
Most homes in the northeastern United States, where winters are typically cold, have traditionally used oil as their major fuel for heating. Last heating season that region experienced 90 days with below-normal temperatures, and climate forecasters predict that this weather pattern will continue for several moreyears. Furthermore, many new homes are being built in the region in response torecent population growth. Because of these trends, we predict an increased demand for heating oil and recommend investment in Consolidated Industries, one of whose major business operations is the retail sale of home heating oil.
在冬季非常寒冷的美国东北部的房屋，一直都使用传统的油料作为采暖的主要燃料。去年该地区经历了90天低于往年平均气温的严寒，并且气象预测家们预测这种天气会持续未来数年。而且，去年由于人口增长，本地建造了很多的房屋。按此趋势，我们预测对于油料的需求将会增加，同时也建议对CI公司投资，该公司的主要业务之一就是家用采暖油料的零售。
结构分析：
（1）油料是传统燃料
（2）去年温度低，预测会持续 – 所以需求会增加– C公司业绩会好 – 要投资
（3）房屋增多
参考解析：
（1）传统燃料，以后未必用 – 时间外推
（2）温度低含糊（低多少，是否会导致燃料消耗大量增加）
（3）预测会持续 – 论据含糊
（4）房屋增多不代表需求会增加
（5）即便以上成立，也不代表C业绩会好
